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        <title>MathCity.org</title>
        <description>Merging man &amp; maths</description>
        <link>https://www.mathcity.org/</link>
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            <title>MathCity.org</title>
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        <item>
            <title>MTH321: Real Analysis I (Spring 2023)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/sp23-mth321</link>
            <description>MTH321: Real Analysis I (Spring 2023)


~~DISCUSSION~~
[Photo-illustration of Zeno&#039;s Paradox]

At the end of this course the students will be able to understand the basic set theoretic statements and emphasize the proofs’ development of various statements by induction. Define the limit of, a function at a value, a sequence and the Cauchy criterion. Prove various theorems about limits of sequences and functions and emphasize the proofs’ development. Define continuity of a function and uniform con…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Wed, 14 Jun 2023 14:47:57 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2023)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/sp23-mth322</link>
            <description>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2023)

[MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2023)]
This course is offered to BS, Semester VI at Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock campus. This course need rigorous knowledge of continuity, differentiation, integration, sequences and series of numbers, that is many notions included in $f\in \mathcal{R}[a,b]$$b\ge a$$f(x)\ge 0$$x\ge a$$\int_{\,a}^{\,\infty }{f(x)\,dx}$$M&gt;0$$\int\limits_{a}^{b}{f(x)\,dx}\leq M$$b\ge a$$f(x)$$g(x)$$x&gt;a$$\li…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Thu, 15 Jun 2023 01:08:47 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MATH-510: Topology</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/math-510</link>
            <description>MATH-510: Topology

Topology is an important branch of mathematics that studies all the “qualitative” or “discrete” properties of continuous objects such as manifolds, i.e. all the properties that aren&#039;t changed by any continuous transformations except for the singular (infinitely extreme) ones.$(T_0, T_1, T_2)$$\mathbb{R}$$X=\{a\}$$X$$X$$X$$\tau$$\mathbb{N}$$\tau$$(\mathbb{Z}, \tau)$$\mathbb{N}$$\tau$$A=\{\pm 100,\pm 101, \pm 102, ... \}$$\tau$$E=\{0,\pm 2,\pm 4,...\}$$\tau$$\tau$$B=\{1,2,3,...…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:40:25 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2019)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/sp19-mth322</link>
            <description>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2019)

This course is offered to MSc, Semester II at Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock campus. This course need rigorous knowledge of continuity, differentiation, integration, sequences and series of numbers, that is many notion included in</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:40:39 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2016)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/fa16-mth322</link>
            <description>~~DISCUSSION:off~~

MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2016)
Do you have questions or comments? Please use Discussion at the end of this page.

This course is offered to MSc, Semester III at Department of Mathematics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Attock campus. The is course need rigorous knowledge of continuity, differentiation, integration, sequences and series of numbers, that is many notion included in</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:40:09 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2017)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/sp17-mth322</link>
            <description>~~DISCUSSION:closed~~

MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2017)
Do you have questions or comments? Please use Discussion at the end of this page.

This course is offered to MSc, Semester III at Department of Mathematics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Attock campus. The is course need rigorous knowledge of continuity, differentiation, integration, sequences and series of numbers, that is many notion included in</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:40:35 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2017)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/fa17-mth322</link>
            <description>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Fall 2017)

This course is offered to MSc, Semester III at Department of Mathematics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Attock campus. The is course need rigorous knowledge of continuity, differentiation, integration, sequences and series of numbers, that is many notion included in</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:40:10 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH321: Real Analysis I (Fall 2021)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/fa21-mth321</link>
            <description>MTH321: Real Analysis I (Fall 2021)
Discussion is available at the end of this page. One is free to ask any question or comment.


[Photo-illustration of Zeno&#039;s Paradox]

At the end of this course the students will be able to understand the basic set theoretic statements and emphasize the proofs’ development of various statements by induction. Define the limit of, a function at a value, a sequence and the Cauchy criterion. Prove various theorems about limits of sequences and functions and emphas…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Fri, 28 Oct 2022 11:10:02 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MATH-510: Topology</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/math-510-s2012</link>
            <description>MATH-510: Topology

Objectives of the course

This is an introductory course in topology, giving the basics of the theory.

Course contents

Topological spaces, bases and sub-bases, first and second axiom of countability, separability, continuous functions and homeomorphism, finite product space.
Separation axioms  $(T_0, T_1, T_2)$</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:40:24 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2016)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/sp16-mth322</link>
            <description>MTH322: Real Analysis II (Spring 2016)

This course was teach to MSc III and IV.

Course Contents:

Sequences of functions: convergence, uniform convergence, uniform convergence and continuity, uniform convergence and integration, uniform convergence and differentiation, the exponential and logarithmic function, the trigonometric functions.</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:40:34 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH321: Real Analysis I (Spring 2020)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/sp20-mth321</link>
            <description>MTH321: Real Analysis I (Spring 2020)
Discussion is available at the end of this page. One is free to ask any question or comment.


~~DISCUSSION~~
[Photo-illustration of Zeno&#039;s Paradox]

At the end of this course the students will be able to understand the basic set theoretic statements and emphasize the proofs’ development of various statements by induction. Define the limit of, a function at a value, a sequence and the Cauchy criterion. Prove various theorems about limits of sequences and fun…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:40:41 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MCQs or Short Questions</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/sp15-mth321/mcqs</link>
            <description>MCQs or Short Questions

On this page, MCQs or short questions with out answers are given. Students need to find the answer them self. This page will be updated occasionally and new MCQs or short question will be posted here.

	*  A number which is neither even nor odd is$2n$$n \in \mathbb{Z}$$2\pi$$\pi$$\pi$$\sqrt{2}$$\sqrt{3}$$A$$f:A\to \mathbb{N}$$f$$f$$f$$A=\{x| x\in \mathbb{N} \wedge x^2 \leq 7 \}$$A$$\{s_n\}$$\lambda$$|s_n|&lt;\lambda$$n\in\mathbb{Z}$$p$$|s_n|&lt;p$$n\in\mathbb{Z}$$s$$|s_n|&lt;s$$n…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:45:18 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH321: Real Analysis I (Fall 2019)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/fa19-mth321</link>
            <description>MTH321: Real Analysis I (Fall 2019)



[Photo-illustration of Zeno&#039;s Paradox by Juliana Jiménez Jaramillo. Photo by Twildlife/Thinkstock]

At the end of this course the students will be able to understand the basic set theoretic statements and emphasize the proofs’ development of various statements by induction. Define the limit of, a function at a value, a sequence and the Cauchy criterion. Prove various theorems about limits of sequences and functions and emphasize the proofs’ development. Def…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:40:11 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH611: Integral Inequalities (Fall 2019)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/fa19-mth611</link>
            <description>MTH611: Integral Inequalities (Fall 2019)

This course is offered to students of MS(Mathematics) at COMSATS University Islamabad. This is a three credit hour course.

Contents

Some Quadrature rules and their applications Ostrowski Inequality in L1-, Lp- and L∞ spaces and applications Grüss Inequality, its variants and applications Ostrowski- Grüss inequalities, their consequences and applications Purturbed results for Ostrowski and Ostrowski- Grüss type inequalities Inequalities for convex func…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:40:12 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH424: Convex Analysis (Fall 2020)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/fa20-mth424</link>
            <description>MTH424: Convex Analysis (Fall 2020)

[Convex Analysis]

Objectives:

At the end of this course the students will be able to understand the concept of Convex Analysis, convex sets, convex functions, Differential of the convex function. Developing ability to study the Hadamard-Hermite inequalities and their applications. Prepare students to be self independent and enhance their mathematical ability by giving them home work and projects.$f(x)=x$$\mathbb{R}$$f(x)=x^2$$\mathbb{R}$$f:[a,b]\to \mathbb{…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:40:16 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH321: Real Analysis I (Fall 2022)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/fa22-mth321</link>
            <description>MTH321: Real Analysis I (Fall 2022)


~~DISCUSSION~~
[Photo-illustration of Zeno&#039;s Paradox]

At the end of this course the students will be able to understand the basic set theoretic statements and emphasize the proofs’ development of various statements by induction. Define the limit of, a function at a value, a sequence and the Cauchy criterion. Prove various theorems about limits of sequences and functions and emphasize the proofs’ development. Define continuity of a function and uniform conti…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 May 2023 07:16:43 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH604: Fixed Point Theory and Applications (Fall 2022)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/fa22-mth604</link>
            <description>~~DISCUSSION~~

MTH604: Fixed Point Theory and Applications (Fall 2022)

[FPTA]

Course Objectives:

This course is intended as a brief introduction to the subject with a focus on Banach Fixed Point theorems fixed point theorem and its application to nonlinear differential equations, nonlinear integral equations, real and complex implicit functions theorems and system of nonlinear equations. Some generalizations and similar results e. g.  Kannan Fixed Point theorems, Banach Fixed Point theorem f…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Fri, 06 Jan 2023 04:37:11 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH480: Introductory Quantum Mechanics</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/fa23-mth480</link>
            <description>MTH480: Introductory Quantum Mechanics

Objective

The physical principles and mathematical formalism of quantum theory, with emphasis on applications to atomic, molecular, and many-body physics; scattering phenomena; and electromagnetism (photon physics).  $x(t)={{t}^{3}}+2\sin t$$t=\dfrac{\pi }{6}$$v(t)={{t}^{2}}+t{{e}^{t}}$</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sat, 07 Oct 2023 18:27:32 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MATH-608: History of Mathematics</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/math-608</link>
            <description>MATH-608: History of Mathematics

Course contents

History of Numerations: Egyptian, Babylonian, Hindu and Arabic contributions. Algebra: Including the contributions of Al-Khwarzmi and Ibn Kura.
Geometry: the areas, the work of Al-Toussi on Euclud’s axioms, Analysis.
The Calculus: Newton, Leibniz and Gauss, The concept of limit, Laplace.</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:40:26 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH604: Fixed Point Theory and Applications</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/sp18-mth604</link>
            <description>MTH604: Fixed Point Theory and Applications

Course Objectives:

This course is intended as a brief introduction to the subject with a focus on Banach Fixed Point theorems fixed point theorem and its application to nonlinear differential equations, nonlinear integral equations, real and complex implicit functions theorems and system of nonlinear equations. Some generalizations and similar results e. g.  Kannan Fixed Point theorems, Banach Fixed Point theorem for multi-valued mappings are also ed…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:40:39 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH604: Fixed Point Theory and Applications (Spring 2020)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/sp20-mth604</link>
            <description>~~DISCUSSION~~

MTH604: Fixed Point Theory and Applications (Spring 2020)

Course Objectives:

This course is intended as a brief introduction to the subject with a focus on Banach Fixed Point theorems fixed point theorem and its application to nonlinear differential equations, nonlinear integral equations, real and complex implicit functions theorems and system of nonlinear equations. Some generalizations and similar results e. g.  Kannan Fixed Point theorems, Banach Fixed Point theorem for mul…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:40:41 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH604: Fixed Point Theory and Applications (Spring 2021)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/sp21-mth604</link>
            <description>~~DISCUSSION~~

MTH604: Fixed Point Theory and Applications (Spring 2021)

Course Objectives:

This course is intended as a brief introduction to the subject with a focus on Banach Fixed Point theorems fixed point theorem and its application to nonlinear differential equations, nonlinear integral equations, real and complex implicit functions theorems and system of nonlinear equations. Some generalizations and similar results e. g.  Kannan Fixed Point theorems, Banach Fixed Point theorem for mul…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Mon, 22 Feb 2021 15:12:31 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH480: Introductory Quantum Mechanics</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/sp24-mth480</link>
            <description>MTH480: Introductory Quantum Mechanics

Objective

The physical principles and mathematical formalism of quantum theory, with emphasis on applications to atomic, molecular, and many-body physics; scattering phenomena; and electromagnetism (photon physics).</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Wed, 14 Feb 2024 09:26:16 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>MTH424: Convex Analysis (Spring 2025)</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/atiq/sp25-mth424</link>
            <description>MTH424: Convex Analysis (Spring 2025)

[Convex Analysis]
Convex analysis is a branch of mathematics that studies convex sets and convex functions. A set is convex if a straight line between any two points in the set always stays inside it. This field is important in optimization, economics, and engineering. It helps in solving real-world problems like minimizing costs, maximizing profits, and designing efficient systems. Convex analysis is widely used in machine learning, finance, and physics. 😊…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Mon, 16 Jun 2025 18:51:28 +0000</pubDate>
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