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        <title>MathCity.org</title>
        <description>Merging man &amp; maths</description>
        <link>https://www.mathcity.org/</link>
        <lastBuildDate>Thu, 04 Jun 2026 22:28:18 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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            <url>https://www.mathcity.org/_media/logo.svg</url>
            <title>MathCity.org</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/</link>
        </image>
        <item>
            <title>Chapter 04: Quadratic Equations</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch04</link>
            <description>Chapter 04: Quadratic Equations

[Chapter 04: Quadratic Equations]
Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 04: Quadratic Equations, Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Textbook Board, Lahore.

Contents &amp; summary

	*  Introduction
		*  Solutions of Quadratic Equations</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 04 Jun 2023 16:13:15 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Chapter 03: Matrices and Determinants</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch03</link>
            <description>Chapter 03: Matrices and Determinants

[Chapter 03: Matrices and Determinants]

Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 03: Matrices and Determinants, Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.

Contents &amp; summary

	*  Introduction$2\times2$$2\times2$$2\times2$$n\geq 3$$n\geq 3$</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:46:27 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Chapter 09: Fundamentals of Trigonometry</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch09</link>
            <description>Chapter 09: Fundamentals of Trigonometry

[Chapter 09: Fundamentals of Trigonometry]
Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 09: Fundamentals of Trigonometry, Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore. This chapter has four exercise and solutions of those exercises are given below which can be downloaded in PDF format or can be viewed online.$D^\circ M&#039;S&#039;&#039;$$45^\circ , 30^\circ , 60^\circ$$0^\circ , 90^\circ , 180^\circ , 270^\circ , 36…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 04 Jun 2023 16:03:04 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Objective Mathematics 12th by Muhammad Shahbaz</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_mcqs/objective-mathematics-12th-by-m-shahbaz</link>
            <description>Objective Mathematics 12th by Muhammad Shahbaz

[Objective Mathematics 12th by Muhammad Shahbaz]

These notes are sent by Muhammad Shahbaz. We are very thankful to him for send this booklet.

This booklet is very helpful to cover the following things for Mathematics 12 (Mathematics for Intermediate)

	*  Summary</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Fri, 21 Mar 2025 15:20:30 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Unit 01: Functions and Limits</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch01</link>
            <description>Unit 01: Functions and Limits

[Unit 01: Functions and Limits]
Notes (Solutions) of Unit 01: Functions and Limits, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. There are five exercises in this chapter. You can view online or download PDF. To view PDF, you must have PDF Reader installed on your system and it can be downloaded from $\lim_{x\to a}\frac{x^n-a^n}{x-a} = na^{n-1}$$\lim_{x\to0}\frac{\sqrt{x+a} - \sqrt{a}}{x} = \frac{…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sat, 03 Jun 2023 16:30:56 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Unit 03: Integration</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch03</link>
            <description>Unit 03: Integration

[Unit 03: Integration]
Notes (Solutions) of Unit 03: Integration, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. You can view online or download PDF. To view PDF, you must have PDF Reader installed on your system and it can be downloaded from Software section.$dy$$\delta{y}$$[f(x)]^n f&#039;(x)$$[f(x)]^{-1}f&#039;(x)$</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sat, 03 Jun 2023 17:25:33 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>FSc Part 1 Mathematics Notes/Solutions</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions</link>
            <description>FSc Part 1 Mathematics Notes/Solutions
This is an old book. Notes of new book are available at following link: &lt;https://www.mathcity.org/math-11-pectaa&gt;

[FSc Part1 PTB Book Cover]
Notes (Solutions) of Textbook of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Textbook Board (PTB) Lahore.</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 20 Jul 2025 09:10:04 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Chap 04: Formulas Introduction to Analytics Geometry</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_formulas_introduction_to_analytics_geometry</link>
            <description>Chap 04: Formulas Introduction to Analytics Geometry

On these four pages, one can find all the formulas used in Chapter 04: Formulas Introduction to Analytics Geometry of FSc Part 2. There are five exercises in chapter 04 with lot of questions. These basic things help to solve the questions easily without going to the depth of each concept.</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:42:43 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Chapter 01: Number System</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch01</link>
            <description>Chapter 01: Number System

[Chapter 01: Number System]
Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 01: Number System, Textbook of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.

Contents &amp; summary

	*  Rational numbers and irrational numbers$\mathbb{C}$$(x+iy)^n$$\left(\frac{x_1+iy_1}{x_2+iy_2}\right)^n, x_2+iy_2\neq 0$$\sqrt{-1}=i$$\sqrt{-1}$$i$$-i$$i$$-i$$-1$$i^2=-1$$\sqrt{-1}=i$$\sqrt{-1}$</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sat, 03 Jun 2023 16:30:31 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Chapter 02: Sets, Functions and Groups</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch02</link>
            <description>Chapter 02: Sets, Functions and Groups

Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 02: Sets, Functions and Groups, Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.

[Chapter 02: Sets, Functions and Groups]

Contents &amp; summary

	*  Introduction$p\leftrightarrow q$</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Wed, 05 Apr 2023 12:54:57 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Chapter 05: Partial Fractions</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch05</link>
            <description>Chapter 05: Partial Fractions

[Chapter 05: Partial Fractions]
Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 05: Partial Fractions, Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.

Contents &amp; summary

	*  Introduction
	*  Rational Fraction$\frac {P(x)}{Q(x)}$</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:46:29 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Chapter 06: Sequences and Series</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch06</link>
            <description>Chapter 06: Sequences and Series

[Chapter 06: Sequences and Series]
Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 06: Sequences and Series, Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.

Contents &amp; summary

	*  Introduction
	*  Types of Sequences$l,m,n$$p$$q$$r$$$l(q-r)+m(r-p)+n(p-q)=0$$$a_1$$d$$$\begin{align}l=a_1+(p-1)d,\\ m=a_1+(q-1)d,\\ n=a_1+(r-1)d.\end{align}$$
Now $$\begin{align}L.H.S &amp;=  l(q-r)+m(r-p)+n(p-q)\\
&amp;= lq-lr+mr-mp+np-nq\\
&amp;=…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:46:29 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Chapter 07: Permutation, Combination and Probability</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch07</link>
            <description>Chapter 07: Permutation, Combination and Probability

[Chapter 07: Permutation , Combination and Probability]
Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 07: Permutation , Combination and Probability, Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.

Contents &amp; summary</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sat, 26 Mar 2022 16:28:40 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Chapter 08: Mathematical Induction and Binomial Theorem</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch08</link>
            <description>Chapter 08: Mathematical Induction and Binomial Theorem

[Chapter 08 Mathematical Induction and Binomial Theorem]
Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 08: Mathematical Induction and Binomial Theorem, Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.$(a+x)^n$$(a+x)^n$</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:46:30 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Chapter 10: Trigonometric Identities</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch10</link>
            <description>Chapter 10: Trigonometric Identities

[Chapter 10: Trigonometric Identities]
Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 10: Trigonometric Identities, Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore. There are four exercise in this chapter.</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:46:32 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Chapter 11: Trigonometric Functions and their Graphs</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch11</link>
            <description>Chapter 11: Trigonometric Functions and their Graphs

[Chapter 11: Trigonometric Functions and their Graphs]
Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 11: Trigonometric Functions and their Graphs, Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.

Contents &amp; summary
$ y = \sin x$$-2\pi \hbox{ to } 2\pi$$ y = \cos x$$-2\pi \hbox{ to } 2\pi$$ y = \tan x$$-\pi \hbox{ to } \pi$$ y = \cot x$$-2\pi \hbox{ to } \pi$$ y = \sec x$$-2\pi \hbox{ to } 2\pi…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:46:34 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Chapter 12: Application of Trigonometry</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch12</link>
            <description>Chapter 12: Application of Trigonometry

[Chapter 12: Application of Trigonometry]
Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 12: Application of Trigonometry, Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.

Contents &amp; summary

	*  Introduction</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:46:34 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Chapter 13: Inverse Trigonometric Functions</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch13</link>
            <description>Chapter 13: Inverse Trigonometric Functions

[Chapter 13: Inverse Trigonometric Functions]
Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 13: Inverse Trigonometric Functions, Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.

Contents &amp; summary

	* ${\sin ^{ - 1}}A + {\sin ^{ - 1}}B = {\sin ^{ - 1}}\left( {A\sqrt {1 - {B^2}}  + B\sqrt {1 - {A^2}} } \right)$${\sin ^{ - 1}}A - {\sin ^{ - 1}}B = {\sin ^{ - 1}}\left( {A\sqrt {1 - {B^2}}  - B\sqrt {1 - {…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:46:37 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Chapter 14: Solutions of Trigonometric Equation</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_1_solutions/ch14</link>
            <description>Chapter 14: Solutions of Trigonometric Equation

[Chapter 14: Solutions of Trigonometric Equation]
Notes (Solutions) of Chapter 14: Solutions of Trigonometric Equation, Text Book of Algebra and Trigonometry Class XI (Mathematics FSc Part 1 or HSSC-I), Punjab Text Book Board, Lahore.

Contents &amp; summary
${\sin ^{ - 1}}A + {\sin ^{ - 1}}B = {\sin ^{ - 1}}\left( {A\sqrt {1 - {B^2}}  + B\sqrt {1 - {A^2}} } \right)$${\sin ^{ - 1}}A - {\sin ^{ - 1}}B = {\sin ^{ - 1}}\left( {A\sqrt {1 - {B^2}}  - B\sqr…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:46:37 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Unit 02: Differentiation</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch02</link>
            <description>Unit 02: Differentiation

[Unit 02: Differentiation]
Notes (Solutions) of Unit 02: Differentiation, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. You can view online or download PDF. To view PDF, you must have PDF Reader installed on your system and it can be downloaded from Software section.$f&#039;(x)$$x^n$$n \in \mathbb{Z}$$\frac{x+1}{x-1}$$x$$$
\begin{aligned}
\frac{d}{dx}\left(\frac{x+1}{x-1}\right) &amp;= \frac{(x-1)\frac{d}{dx}(x…</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Sun, 07 Feb 2021 16:47:05 +0000</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Unit 07: Vectors</title>
            <link>https://www.mathcity.org/fsc/fsc_part_2_solutions/ch07</link>
            <description>Unit 07: Vectors

[Unit 07: Vectors]

Notes (Solutions) of Unit 07: Vectors, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12 (Mathematics FSc Part 2 or HSSC-II), Punjab Text Book Board Lahore. You can view online or download PDF. To view PDF, you must have PDF Reader installed on your system and it can be downloaded from Software section.$u\cdot v$$u\times v$$u\cdot(v\times w)$</description>
            <author>anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous)</author>
            <pubDate>Thu, 25 Mar 2021 17:27:32 +0000</pubDate>
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